Coinsurance Rate
The specific percentage of a covered service's cost an insured person is responsible for paying under a coinsurance arrangement.
Encyclopaedia
Explore comprehensive, evidence-informed explanations of key health economics concepts, including their development, application and relationships to other concepts. Published entries are validated through human expert review.
Concepts, entries and ontology terms
A concept page is a published entry on the wiki. Some concepts also have a full encyclopaedia article. The Health Economics Ontology (HEO) holds every concept, including dictionary terms without an article, so it is larger than the list of published pages. The knowledge graph shows how concepts relate to each other.
Cointervention
A cointervention (co-intervention) is a treatment other than the one under study that trial participants receive; unequal use across arms can bias results.
Collaborative Care
Collaborative care is a primary care model, mainly for depression, in which a care manager works with the patient's doctor and a mental health specialist.
Collinearity Diagnostics
Collinearity diagnostics are regression checks, such as variance inflation factors, showing when predictors overlap too much to estimate separate effects.
Common Cause Variation
Common cause variation is the routine variation a stable process produces from many small chance causes, predictable within limits from past data.
Common Comparator
A common comparator is a treatment, such as placebo or standard care, that two other treatments were each tested against, anchoring an indirect comparison.
Common Cost Allocation
Common cost allocation is the division of a cost shared by several health services, such as overheads or a joint input, among them by a chosen rule.
Common Pool Resources
Common pool resources are goods where one user's use leaves less for others and excluding users is difficult or costly.
Common Random Numbers
Common random numbers (CRN) is a simulation method that runs competing strategies on the same random draws, so their estimated difference is less noisy.
Communality
Communality is the proportion of an observed variable's variance explained by the common factors in a factor analysis, the complement of its uniqueness.
Community Health Needs Assessment
Community health needs assessment (CHNA) is the three-yearly study of local health needs that US tax-exempt hospitals must publish to keep their exemption.
Community Rating
Community rating is a health insurance pricing rule that stops premiums varying with health or claims, allowing at most limited variation by age or area.
Community-Based Insurance
Community-based insurance is voluntary, not-for-profit health insurance run by a local community, whose members prepay small premiums into a shared fund.
Community-Based Research
Community-based research is health research in which community members, organisations and researchers share every stage, from research questions to action.
Comorbidity
Comorbidity is any other condition a patient has alongside the index disease under study; in health economics it shifts costs, utilities and survival.
Companion Diagnostic
A companion diagnostic (CDx) is a test that identifies patients a specific drug is likely to help or harm, so the drug and test are assessed together.
Comparability Study
A comparability study is a stepwise comparison showing a biologic is highly similar to its pre-change version or, for a biosimilar, its reference product.
Comparative Effectiveness Research
Comparative effectiveness research (CER) compares the benefits and harms of different health care options in routine care to show what works best for whom.
Comparator
A comparator is the alternative, such as current practice or another treatment, against which a new health intervention is compared in economic evaluation.
Comparator Selection
Comparator selection is the HTA step that decides which existing treatments a new technology is compared with, usually current care or what it replaces.