Equity Analysis
Equity analysis is the assessment of whether health, access to care and health care payments are fairly distributed across population groups.
Encyclopaedia
Explore comprehensive, evidence-informed explanations of key health economics concepts, including their development, application and relationships to other concepts. Published entries are validated through human expert review.
Concepts, entries and ontology terms
A concept page is a published entry on the wiki. Some concepts also have a full encyclopaedia article. The Health Economics Ontology (HEO) holds every concept, including dictionary terms without an article, so it is larger than the list of published pages. The knowledge graph shows how concepts relate to each other.
Equity-Efficiency Trade-off
The equity-efficiency trade-off is the total health given up for a fairer distribution when the option that maximises health is not the fairest one.
Equity-Weighted Analysis
Equity-weighted analysis is a cost-effectiveness analysis in which health gains for priority groups, such as the severely ill, are weighted more heavily.
Equivalence Trial
An equivalence trial tests whether two treatments differ by less than a preset margin either way, evidence used to justify cost-minimisation analysis.
Equivalent Variation
Equivalent variation (EV) is the income change, made instead of a price, health or policy change, that leaves a person as well off as that change would.
Euler Method
The Euler method is a first-order way to approximate differential equations in fixed time steps, often used in spreadsheet disease transmission models.
Event Probability
An event probability is the chance that a specified event occurs in a defined population or risk set over a stated time interval.
Event Queue
An event queue is the time-ordered list of future events that a discrete event simulation uses to move a patient-level health economic model through time.
Event-Free Survival
Event-free survival (EFS) is the time, usually from randomisation, to the first prespecified event, such as recurrence or death, in trials and models.
Evidence
Evidence is the information from studies, routine data and expert judgement used in health economics to estimate costs and outcomes of decision options.
Evidence Adaptation
Evidence adaptation is modifying an economic evaluation from one country or setting so that it reflects another setting's costs, practice and population.
Evidence Synthesis
Evidence synthesis is the systematic combining of results from several studies to estimate the effects, risks and other inputs that HTA decisions need.
Evidence Table
An evidence table is a structured table setting out the design, participants, interventions, outcomes, results and quality of each study in a review.
Evidence-Based Decision Making
Evidence-based decision making is the systematic use of the best research evidence, with values and context, to make health policy and coverage decisions.
Exchangeable Correlation
Exchangeable correlation is a GEE working correlation in which all observations in a cluster, such as patients in a practice, share a common correlation.
Expanded Disability Status Scale
Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is a clinician-rated 0 to 10 scale of multiple sclerosis disability, often used to set health states in MS models.
Expected Net Benefit
Expected net benefit is the mean net benefit of a healthcare option across parameter uncertainty at a set threshold; the option with the highest is chosen.
Expected Net Benefit of Sampling
Expected net benefit of sampling (ENBS) is a proposed study's population expected value of sample information minus its expected total cost.
Expected Utility
Expected utility is the probability-weighted sum of the utilities of an option's outcomes, used in health decision analysis to rank choices under risk.
Expected Value
Expected value is the probability-weighted mean of an uncertain outcome, such as a cost or QALY total, across all its possible values.