Net Promoter Score
A customer loyalty metric based on likelihood to recommend, adapted in healthcare to measure patient satisfaction and provider recommendation likelihood.
Encyclopaedia
Explore comprehensive, evidence-informed explanations of key health economics concepts, including their development, application and relationships to other concepts. Published entries are validated through human expert review.
Net Survival Model
A survival model estimating the survival a population would experience if the disease studied were the only possible cause of death.
Network Meta-Analysis
A method simultaneously synthesising evidence from connected trials comparing multiple treatments, combining direct and indirect evidence into one set of estimates.
Network Meta-Analysis HTA
The application of network meta-analysis specifically within health technology assessment, generating comparative effectiveness estimates when treatments were never studied together.
Newton Optimisation
An iterative optimisation method that uses first and second derivatives to estimate the location of a function's minimum or maximum.
Newton-Raphson Method
A numerical technique finding a function's roots by iteratively improving an initial guess using the function's value and derivative at each step.
Node-Splitting
A technique testing for inconsistency in a network meta-analysis by separately estimating direct and indirect evidence for one comparison and comparing them.
Non-Inferiority Trial
A trial designed to show a new treatment is not meaningfully worse than an active comparator, within a predefined acceptable margin.
Non-Informative Censoring
A form of censoring in which its timing provides no information about a participant's underlying risk, satisfying the assumption standard survival methods require.
Non-Mixture Cure Model
An alternative cure model structure formulating survival directly in terms of the cured fraction without explicitly splitting the population into two subgroups.
Non-Parametric Estimation
A statistical approach to estimating a survival function without assuming the data follow any specific mathematical distribution.
Non-Parametric Survival
Survival data or estimates obtained without assuming a specific distribution, such as a Kaplan-Meier curve calculated directly from observed trial data.
Nonlinear Programming
A method for optimising an objective function when the objective, constraints or both contain nonlinear relationships.
Normal Distribution
A continuous, symmetric, bell-shaped probability distribution fully described by its mean and variance, widely used to represent uncertainty in statistical applications.
Null Hypothesis
In hypothesis testing, the default assumption of no true effect or difference between the groups or conditions being compared.
Number Needed to Harm
The number of patients who would need exposure to a treatment or risk factor for one additional patient to experience an adverse outcome.
Number Needed to Screen
The number of individuals who would need screening for a condition to prevent one adverse outcome, based on prevalence and programme effectiveness.
Number Needed to Treat
The number of patients who would need to receive a treatment for one additional patient to experience a beneficial outcome.
Numerical Integration
Techniques for approximating the value of a definite integral when an exact analytical solution is unavailable or impractical to derive.
Numerical Method
A computational technique for obtaining an approximate solution to a mathematical problem when an exact analytical solution is unavailable or impractical.