MCDA in HTA
The application of multi-criteria decision analysis within assessment, weighing multiple factors such as benefit, cost, and equity together explicitly.
Encyclopaedia
Explore comprehensive, evidence-informed explanations of key health economics concepts, including their development, application and relationships to other concepts. Published entries are validated through human expert review.
Medical Loss Ratio
A regulatory measure requiring insurers to spend a minimum percentage of premium revenue on claims and quality improvement, rather than administration or profit.
Medication Error Rate
A measure of how frequently mistakes occur in prescribing, dispensing, or administering medications within a healthcare organisation.
Mortality Rate
A measure of death frequency within a defined population over a specified period, typically expressed per thousand or per hundred thousand people.
MRSA Rate
A measure of the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections within a facility, an infection prevention and resistance indicator.
Multi-Criteria Analysis HTA
The application of multi-criteria decision analysis within assessment, explicitly incorporating and weighing multiple decision factors beyond cost-effectiveness alone.
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
A structured framework evaluating options across multiple criteria simultaneously, assigning explicit weights and combining them into an overall score.
Near Miss Rate
A measure of how frequently potential errors are identified and prevented before reaching a patient, an indicator of safety culture.
Net Promoter Score
A customer loyalty metric based on likelihood to recommend, adapted in healthcare to measure patient satisfaction and provider recommendation likelihood.
Occupancy Rate
A measure of the proportion of available beds or capacity within a facility actually in use at a given time.
Per Member Per Month
A standard unit expressing a capitated payment as the fixed monthly amount received per enrolled member, regardless of services actually used.
Pharmacy-Based Risk Score
A numerical estimate of expected future healthcare costs calculated using prescription drug utilisation patterns as an indicator of health status.
Predicted Cost
An estimate of expected future healthcare expenditure generated using a risk adjustment model incorporating demographics, diagnoses, and prior utilisation.
Pressure Ulcer Rate
A measure of how frequently hospitalised patients develop pressure ulcers, or bedsores, a nursing care quality and prevention indicator.
Programme Budgeting
A budgeting approach organising health spending around specific programmes or disease areas rather than input categories, allowing cross-programme comparison.
Prospective Risk Adjustment
A risk adjustment method using prior period diagnoses to predict a subsequent period's costs, unlike concurrent adjustment using same-period data.
Real Option Value
A component of a technology's value reflecting the benefit of extending life sufficiently to allow a patient to benefit from future medical advances.
Relative Value Scale
A system assigning a numerical value to each service reflecting its relative resource intensity, providing the structure for a standardised fee schedule.
Relative Value Unit
A unit quantifying resources required for a US Medicare service, incorporating physician work, practice expense, and malpractice risk components.
Relative Weight
A numerical value assigned to a payment classification, such as a diagnosis-related group, reflecting its expected resource intensity relative to average.