Benchmark Price
Benchmark price is a payer-set reference amount, such as a Medicare Advantage or ACA benchmark, compared with bids, premiums or spending to set payment.
Encyclopaedia
Explore comprehensive, evidence-informed explanations of key health economics concepts, including their development, application and relationships to other concepts. Published entries are validated through human expert review.
Concepts, entries and ontology terms
A concept page is a published entry on the wiki. Some concepts also have a full encyclopaedia article. The Health Economics Ontology (HEO) holds every concept, including dictionary terms without an article, so it is larger than the list of published pages. The knowledge graph shows how concepts relate to each other.
Benefit Design
Benefit design is the set of health plan rules on covered services, cost sharing, networks and utilisation review that sets what members pay and can use.
Benefit Incidence
Benefit incidence analysis shows how public health care subsidies reach each income group by multiplying the group's service use by the unit subsidy.
Benefit Package
A benefit package is the set of health services, medicines and technologies that a public system or insurer guarantees to fund for its covered population.
Best Interest Standard
The best interest standard requires healthcare decisions for a patient lacking capacity, such as a young child, to be those that best serve their welfare.
Beveridge Model
The Beveridge model is a health system funded mainly by general taxation, with universal entitlement and largely public provision, as in the UK NHS.
Blame-Free Reporting
Blame-free reporting lets health staff report patient safety incidents and near misses without fear of punishment, so learning targets system causes.
Blended Payment
Blended payment pays health care providers by mixing methods, such as capitation plus fee-for-service or case rates, so each offsets the others' flaws.
Bond Financing
Bond financing is borrowing for health by issuing bonds, debt repaid with interest over many years, so hospitals and other large costs can be paid for now.
Borrowing For Health
Borrowing for health is when a household takes on debt to pay for health care, a coping strategy that signals weak financial risk protection.
Brain Drain
Brain drain is the emigration of trained health workers from poorer to richer countries, costing source countries their care and publicly funded training.
Budget Allocation
Budget allocation is the division of a fixed health budget between areas or programmes, using needs-based formulae, priority setting or optimisation.
Budget Control
Budget control is the in-year monitoring of health spending against an approved budget, tracing variances to price or volume and acting to stay within it.
Bundled Payment
Bundled payment pays a single price for all services in a defined episode of care, such as surgery and recovery, often spanning several providers.
Burden of Illness
Burden of Illness is the total health loss and economic cost a disease imposes on a population, measured in cases, deaths, DALYs and money.
CADTH
CADTH is the former name of Canada's Drug Agency (CDA-AMC), which assesses drugs and health technologies and advises Canada's public drug plans on funding.
CAHPS
CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) is AHRQ's family of patient experience surveys, used in US quality reporting and payment.
Capacity
Capacity is the maximum output, such as patients treated or scans per week, that a health service can sustain with its fixed staff, beds and equipment.
Capacity Planning
Capacity planning estimates the beds, staff, theatre time and equipment a health service needs to meet expected demand to a stated standard of access.
Capacity Utilisation
Capacity utilisation is the share of available health care capacity, such as staffed beds, theatre sessions or scanner time, that is used over a period.