Cure Fraction Model
A survival model separating a population into a cured subgroup facing only background mortality and an uncured subgroup remaining at risk of the disease event.
Encyclopaedia
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Cure Model
A survival model assuming a defined proportion of a population will never experience the event of interest, distinguishing this cured group from those still at risk.
Cure Rate Model
A statistical model estimating both the proportion of a population considered cured and the survival distribution governing the remaining uncured population.
Curve Fitting
The statistical process of identifying the mathematical function that best represents an observed pattern of data, such as observed survival times.
Cycle
A discrete unit of time in a Markov model during which patients may transition between health states, dividing the whole time horizon.
Cycle Length
The duration of time represented by a single cycle within a Markov model, chosen based on the clinical context being modelled.
Decision Node
A point in a decision tree at which a choice must be made between two or more strategies, unlike a chance node.
Decision Tree
A decision tree is a branching decision-analytic model that represents choices, uncertain events and terminal outcomes so the expected costs and consequences of alternative strategies can be calculated.
Departure Process
The pattern by which entities, such as patients, leave a discrete event simulation after completing the services or processes being modelled.
Deterministic Model
A model in which all input parameters take single, fixed values, producing one point estimate of cost and effect, unlike a probabilistic model.
Deterministic Sensitivity Analysis
A sensitivity analysis varying one or more inputs at a time to fixed alternative values, holding others at base case, to observe the effect.
Deviance Residual
A model residual, used with generalised linear and survival models, constructed so its sum of squares equals the model's overall deviance statistic.
DFBETA
A regression diagnostic measuring how much a coefficient would change if a particular observation were removed, identifying disproportionately influential data points.
Dirichlet Distribution
A multivariate distribution representing uncertainty in a set of proportions that must sum to one, such as transition probabilities from a state.
Discrete Event Model
A simulation model representing a system as a sequence of distinct events at specific times, with the system's state changing only at each event.
Discrete Event Simulation
A simulation technique tracking individual entities through a sequence of discrete events, with the clock advancing directly from one event to the next.
Discrete Model
A model in which time advances in fixed, distinct steps, such as one-year cycles, rather than flowing continuously.
Distribution Fitting
The statistical process of identifying which probability distribution and parameters best represent the observed variation or uncertainty in a model input.
Dynamic Model
A model representing how a system's variables change over time in response to feedback and interaction among components, unlike a static model.
Dynamic Programming Health
An optimisation technique solving complex sequential decision problems by breaking them into smaller, nested subproblems solved in relation to one another.