Dictionary
The Dictionary provides concise definitions of health economics terms, arranged alphabetically for quick reference. Use it to understand unfamiliar terminology or confirm the meaning of a specific term.
A
- Ablation EconomicsEconomics of Ablation, Ablation Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to ablation procedures destroying targeted tissue, comparing procedural cost against long-term ongoing management or repeat interventions.
- Active ComparatorActive Control, Active Reference
- The existing treatment or standard of care against which a new intervention is compared in an economic evaluation.
- Addiction Treatment EconomicsSUD Treatment Economics, Substance-Use Treatment Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to substance use disorder treatments, covering medication-assisted treatment, behavioural therapy, and residential programmes.
- Adolescent Mental Health EconomicsYouth Mental Health Economics, Economics of Adolescent Mental Health
- The application of health economic evaluation to mental health conditions and interventions specific to adolescents, a population with distinct treatment considerations.
- Alcohol Use EconomicsAlcohol Control Economics, Alcohol Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to alcohol consumption's health consequences, covering prevention, treatment, and policy interventions such as taxation.
- Allergy EconomicsEconomics of Allergy, Allergic Disease Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to allergic conditions, covering environmental and food allergies and allergen immunotherapy.
- Anaemia EconomicsAnemia Economics, Economics of Anaemia
- The application of health economic evaluation to anaemia, comparing treatments from iron supplementation through more advanced therapies for chronic-disease-related cases.
- Anaesthesiology EconomicsAnesthesiology Economics, Economics of Anaesthesia
- The application of health economic evaluation to anaesthesiology, covering technique selection, staffing models, and their impact on surgical outcomes and recovery.
- Anticoagulation EconomicsAnticoagulant Economics, DOAC Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to anticoagulation care as a whole, including medication choice alongside monitoring services and dose management.
- Antifungal EconomicsAntifungal Drug Economics, Economics of Antifungals
- The application of health economic evaluation to fungal infection medications, comparing older, cheaper agents against newer, often costlier antifungal treatments.
- Antihypertensive EconomicsAntihypertensive Drug Economics, Blood-Pressure Medication Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to blood pressure medications, comparing drug classes and combinations on cost and long-term cardiovascular risk reduction.
- Antimicrobial EconomicsAnti-Infective Economics, Economics of Antimicrobials
- The broad application of health economic evaluation to medications treating bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections.
- Antiparasitic EconomicsAntiparasitic Drug Economics, Economics of Antiparasitics
- The application of health economic evaluation to parasitic infection medications, from common intestinal parasites to more severe diseases such as malaria.
- Antiplatelet EconomicsAntiplatelet Drug Economics, Economics of Antiplatelets
- The application of health economic evaluation to antiplatelet medications preventing clot formation, weighing cost and bleeding risk against reduced cardiovascular events.
- Antiviral EconomicsEconomics of Antivirals, Anti-Viral Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to viral infection medications, spanning influenza through chronic viral hepatitis and HIV.
- Anxiety EconomicsEconomics of Anxiety
- The application of health economic evaluation to anxiety disorders, comparing psychotherapy, pharmacological treatment, and combination treatment approaches.
- Aortic Aneurysm EconomicsAAA Economics, Aneurysm Repair Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to screening, monitoring, and repair of aortic aneurysms, often comparing open surgical against endovascular treatment.
- Appendicitis EconomicsAppendectomy Economics, Economics of Appendicitis
- The application of health economic evaluation to appendicitis, comparing surgical removal against, in select cases, non-operative antibiotic management.
- Arrhythmia EconomicsEconomics of Arrhythmia, Heart-Rhythm Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to diagnosing and treating abnormal heart rhythms, covering medication, devices, and ablation procedures.
- Arthritis EconomicsEconomics of Arthritis, Rheumatology Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to arthritis, covering both osteoarthritis and inflammatory forms such as rheumatoid arthritis and their treatments.
- Aspergillosis EconomicsEconomics of Aspergillosis, Aspergillosis Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to Aspergillus fungal infections, ranging from mild allergic reactions to severe invasive disease in immunocompromised patients.
- Assisted Dying EconomicsEconomics of Assisted Dying, Medical Aid in Dying Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to policies and services around medically assisted dying, an area with distinct ethical considerations alongside standard analysis.
- Assisted Living EconomicsEconomics of Assisted Living, Residential Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to facilities offering housing with personal care support, compared against home-based and nursing home care.
- Asthma EconomicsEconomics of Asthma, Asthma Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to asthma, comparing inhaled medication regimens and, for severe cases, newer biologic therapies.
- Atopic Dermatitis EconomicsEconomics of Atopic Dermatitis, Eczema Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to atopic dermatitis, a chronic itchy inflammatory skin condition, comparing topical, phototherapy, and biologic treatments.
- Atrial Fibrillation EconomicsAF Economics, Economics of Atrial Fibrillation
- The application of health economic evaluation to atrial fibrillation, commonly comparing anticoagulation strategies, rate versus rhythm control, and catheter ablation.
- Autoimmune Disease EconomicsAutoimmune Economics, Economics of Autoimmune Disease
- The application of health economic evaluation to conditions where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, spanning biologic and conventional treatment.
B
- Bariatric Surgery EconomicsWeight Loss Surgery Economics, Metabolic Surgery Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to surgery for severe obesity, such as gastric bypass, typically offset over time by reduced comorbidities.
- Biliary EconomicsBile Duct Economics, Gallbladder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to conditions affecting the bile ducts and gallbladder, including gallstone disease and biliary obstruction.
- Biomarker Testing EconomicsBiomarker Diagnostics Economics, Molecular Testing Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to diagnostic tests identifying molecular or genetic markers used to guide treatment selection, most commonly in oncology.
- Bipolar EconomicsBipolar Disorder Economics, Manic Depression Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to bipolar disorder, a chronic condition of alternating mania and depression episodes.
- Bone Infection EconomicsOsteomyelitis Economics, Bone Infection Cost Analysis
- The application of health economic evaluation to osteomyelitis, bone tissue infection typically requiring prolonged antibiotics and sometimes surgical intervention.
- Burn Care EconomicsBurn Injury Economics, Burn Treatment Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to burn injury treatment, spanning acute wound management, skin grafting, and long-term rehabilitation.
C
- Cancer Diagnosis EconomicsCancer Diagnostic Economics, Oncology Diagnostic Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to cancer diagnostic strategies, covering imaging, biopsy, and molecular testing used to detect and characterise cancer.
- Cancer Prevention EconomicsCancer Prevention Cost-Effectiveness, Oncology Prevention Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to reducing cancer incidence, spanning vaccination against cancer-causing infections, lifestyle programmes, and chemoprevention.
- Cancer Registry EconomicsCancer Registry Data Economics, Registry-Based Cancer Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation using data from cancer registries, standardised systems recording cancer incidence, treatment, and outcomes across a population.
- Cancer Screening EconomicsScreening Cost-Effectiveness, Oncology Screening Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to cancer screening programmes across cancer types, comparing intervals, modalities, and eligible population definitions.
- Cancer Staging EconomicsTumour Staging Economics, Staging Cost Analysis
- The application of health economic evaluation to cancer staging systems, which classify disease spread and guide treatment decisions and prognosis.
- Candidiasis EconomicsCandida Infection Economics, Thrush Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to Candida fungal infections, ranging from common superficial infections to severe systemic bloodstream infections.
- Cardiac Biomarker EconomicsCardiac Marker Economics, Troponin Testing Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to blood-based biomarker tests, such as troponin, used in diagnosing and risk-stratifying cardiovascular conditions.
- Cardiac Device EconomicsImplantable Device Economics, Cardiac Implant Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to implantable cardiac devices, weighing upfront device and implant costs against ongoing monitoring and replacement.
- Cardiac Imaging EconomicsCardiovascular Imaging Economics, Cardiac Scan Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to cardiac imaging technologies, comparing diagnostic accuracy and downstream treatment impact against acquisition and operating costs.
- Cardiac Rehabilitation EconomicsCardiac Rehab Economics, Heart Rehabilitation Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to structured cardiac rehabilitation, typically finding it low-cost relative to the hospitalisations it helps prevent.
- Cardiac Surgery EconomicsHeart Surgery Economics, Cardiac Operation Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to cardiac surgery, comparing surgical approaches against each other and against catheter-based alternatives.
- Cardiovascular EconomicsCV Economics, Cardiology Economics
- The broad application of health economic evaluation to conditions and interventions affecting the heart and blood vessels, from prevention through rehabilitation.
E
- Economic EvaluationHealth Economic Appraisal, Cost-Outcome Analysis
- Economic evaluation compares the costs and outcomes of healthcare alternatives to inform decisions about value and limited resource allocation.
F
- Full Economic EvaluationComplete Economic Evaluation, Comparative Economic Evaluation
- An economic evaluation comparing two or more alternatives in terms of both costs and consequences, unlike a partial evaluation examining costs or outcomes alone.
P
- Partial Economic EvaluationPartial Evaluation, Incomplete Economic Evaluation
- A study examining either the costs or the outcomes of an intervention, or both without comparison to an alternative, short of a full economic evaluation.
- Pharmacoeconomic ModelPE Model, Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation Model
- A decision-analytic model built specifically to evaluate the cost and outcomes of pharmaceutical treatments, typically supporting pricing and reimbursement decisions.
T
- Trial-Based AnalysisWithin-Trial Analysis, Trial-Based Economic Evaluation
- An economic evaluation using cost and outcome data collected directly alongside a clinical trial, rather than synthesised from multiple external sources.