Dictionary
The Dictionary provides concise definitions of health economics terms, arranged alphabetically for quick reference. Use it to understand unfamiliar terminology or confirm the meaning of a specific term.
A
- Area Under Curve ApproachAUC Method, Restricted Mean Survival Approach
- A survival extrapolation method fitting a parametric distribution to observed data and calculating the area under the resulting curve to estimate mean survival.
- Assumption StructureStructural Assumptions, Modelling Assumptions
- The complete set of simplifying assumptions embedded within a decision-analytic model's design, such as choices about disease history and extrapolation methods.
E
- ExtrapolationBeyond-Trial Projection, Time-Horizon Projection
- Extrapolation projects outcomes beyond the range or follow-up directly observed in the available evidence.
P
- Parametric SurvivalDistribution-Based Survival, Assumed-Form Survival
- Survival estimates derived from a fitted mathematical distribution rather than directly from observed data alone, allowing extrapolation beyond the data.
S
- Structural Sensitivity AnalysisStructural SA, Model-Structure Sensitivity
- A sensitivity analysis testing how results change under alternative structural assumptions, such as a different survival extrapolation function, rather than parameter values.
W
- Within-Trial Evaluation
- An economic evaluation using cost and outcome data collected directly within a clinical trial's follow-up period, without extrapolation beyond it.