Dictionary
The Dictionary provides concise definitions of health economics terms, arranged alphabetically for quick reference. Use it to understand unfamiliar terminology or confirm the meaning of a specific term.
C
- Carryover EffectCarry-Over Effect, Residual Treatment Effect
- A crossover trial phenomenon where a treatment's effect from an earlier period persists into a later period, potentially contaminating assessment of the next treatment.
- Crossover DesignCrossover Trial Design, Within-Subject Design
- A crossover design assigns each participant to receive two or more interventions in a planned sequence, so the same person contributes outcome data under multiple treatments.
- Crossover TrialCross-Over Trial, Within-Subject Trial
- A trial in which participants sequentially receive two or more treatments under comparison, with each participant's response compared against their own.
P
- Period EffectCalendar-Time Effect, Period Influence
- In a crossover trial, a systematic difference in outcomes attributable to the specific time period a treatment was given rather than the treatment itself.
S
- Sequence EffectOrder Effect, Treatment-Order Effect
- In a crossover trial, a systematic difference in outcomes attributable to the order in which treatments were given, distinct from a carryover effect.
W
- Washout PeriodWash-Out Period, Clearance Period
- A period with no treatment given in a crossover trial between two active phases, letting the first treatment's effects fully dissipate.
- Within Patient Analysis
- A statistical comparison examining changes in outcomes over time within the same individuals, such as their response to two treatments in a crossover trial.