Dictionary
The Dictionary provides concise definitions of health economics terms, arranged alphabetically for quick reference. Use it to understand unfamiliar terminology or confirm the meaning of a specific term.
D
- DOAC EconomicsDirect Oral Anticoagulant Economics, NOAC Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to direct oral anticoagulants, comparing higher acquisition cost against reduced monitoring versus older agents such as warfarin.
E
- Eating Disorder EconomicsEating Disorder Cost-Effectiveness, Anorexia and Bulimia Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to eating disorders, covering psychotherapy, medical monitoring, and severe-case specialist inpatient treatment.
- Economic PrincipleEconomic Foundation, Foundational Economic Proposition
- In health economics, a foundational proposition about how scarce resources are allocated, such as scarcity, opportunity cost and efficiency, underpinning the economic evaluation of health interventions.
- Electrophysiology EconomicsEP Economics, Cardiac Rhythm Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to cardiac electrical system disorders, comparing invasive ablation procedure cost against ongoing medication management.
- Emergency Medicine EconomicsEconomics of Emergency Medicine, Acute Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to acute medical conditions requiring immediate emergency department care, often examining triage and utilisation.
- Emerging Infection EconomicsEmerging Pathogen Economics, Novel Infection Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to newly identified or newly significant infectious diseases, often marked by substantial scientific uncertainty.
- End Of Life Economics OncologyEoL Oncology Economics, Advanced Cancer End-of-Life Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to care during advanced cancer's final phase, weighing continued aggressive treatment against palliative or hospice care.
- End-of-Life Care EconomicsEoL Care Economics, End-of-Life Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to care during a life-limiting illness's final phase, covering palliative management, hospice, and treatment intensity decisions.
- Endocarditis EconomicsInfective Endocarditis Cost-Effectiveness, IE Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to infective endocarditis, accounting for prolonged antibiotic therapy and, in severe cases, cardiac surgery.
- Endocrinology EconomicsEconomics of Endocrinology, Hormonal Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to conditions affecting hormone-producing glands, including diabetes, thyroid disorders, and other endocrine conditions.
- ENT EconomicsOtolaryngology Economics, Ear Nose and Throat Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to ear, nose, and throat conditions, spanning hearing loss, sinus conditions, and head and neck cancers.
- Epidemic Modelling EconomicsOutbreak Modelling Economics, Transmission Modelling Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to outbreak interventions, built on dynamic transmission models capturing how disease spreads through a population.
- Epilepsy EconomicsEpilepsy Cost-Effectiveness, Seizure Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to epilepsy, comparing anti-seizure medication, dietary therapy, and, in select cases, surgical treatment.
- Equity-Weighted AnalysisEquity-Weighted CEA, Weighted Health Gain Analysis
- An economic evaluation that applies differential weights to health gains in different population groups, giving greater weight to gains for disadvantaged groups.
- Evidence AdaptationEvidence Transfer, Cross-Jurisdiction Transfer
- The process of modifying evidence or an economic evaluation from one country or setting to reflect a different setting's practice and costs.
- Ex-Ante EvaluationBefore-Implementation Evaluation, Forward-Looking Evaluation
- An economic evaluation conducted before an intervention has been implemented, typically relying on modelled projections rather than observed outcome data.
- Ex-Post EvaluationAfter-Implementation Evaluation, Outcome-Based Evaluation
- An economic evaluation conducted after an intervention has been implemented, using observed data on its actual costs and outcomes.
- Expected Net BenefitAverage Net Benefit, ENB
- Expected net benefit is the average net benefit of an alternative across the uncertainty represented in an economic evaluation, calculated at a stated cost-effectiveness threshold.
- Extended Cost-EffectivenessECEA, Financial-Risk-Protection CEA
- A form of economic evaluation that extends standard cost-effectiveness analysis by incorporating financial risk protection and the distribution of costs and benefits by income.
F
- Falls Prevention EconomicsFall Prevention Cost-Effectiveness, Falls Programme Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to programmes reducing falls among older adults, comparing prevention costs against downstream injury costs such as hip fractures.
- Fertility Treatment EconomicsIVF Economics, Assisted Reproduction Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to infertility treatments, covering medication, intrauterine insemination, and in vitro fertilisation.
- Fracture EconomicsFracture Care Economics, Osteoporotic Fracture Costing
- The application of health economic evaluation to bone fractures, covering acute treatment, particularly fragility fractures from osteoporosis, and rehabilitation.
- Fungal Infection EconomicsMycosis Economics, Fungal Disease Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to fungal infections, spanning common superficial infections to severe systemic disease in vulnerable populations.
G
- Gastric EconomicsStomach Disease Economics, Gastric Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to conditions affecting the stomach, including peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer.
- Gastroenterology EconomicsGI Field Economics, Digestive Medicine Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to the broader field of digestive system conditions, covering medical management and endoscopic or surgical intervention.
- Gastrointestinal EconomicsGI Economics, Digestive Disease Economics
- The broad application of health economic evaluation to digestive system conditions, spanning the oesophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.
- Gastrointestinal Infection EconomicsGI Infection Economics, Enteric Infection Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to digestive system infections, spanning common self-limiting illness to more severe bacterial and parasitic infections.
- Genetic Disease EconomicsInherited Disease Economics, Genetic Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to conditions caused by genetic mutations, covering diagnosis, genetic counselling, and gene-targeted therapies.
- Genetics EconomicsEconomics of Genetics, Genetic Testing Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to the broader implications of genetic testing and medicine, covering screening, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
- Geographic TransferabilityCross-Country Transferability, Regional Transferability
- The extent to which an economic evaluation from one country or region can be validly applied to inform decisions elsewhere.
- Geriatric EconomicsEconomics of Ageing, Older-Adult Health Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to health and long-term care needs specific to older adults, including assessment and multiple chronic conditions.
- Glaucoma EconomicsGlaucoma Cost-Effectiveness, Glaucoma Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to glaucoma, comparing medication, laser treatment, and surgery for this progressive, potentially irreversible optic nerve condition.
- Global Health EconomicsEconomics of Global Health, International Health Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to health issues with global or cross-national relevance, often addressing lower-income country constraints.
- Gynaecology EconomicsGynecology Economics, Gynaecological Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to women's reproductive health, covering benign gynaecological conditions, fertility care, and gynaecological cancers.
H
- Haematology EconomicsHematology Economics, Blood Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to blood-related conditions, covering anaemia, clotting disorders, and haematologic malignancies.
- Hand Hygiene EconomicsHand Washing Economics, Hand Hygiene Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to hand hygiene programmes reducing healthcare-associated infection spread, consistently found highly cost-effective.
- Health Economics ExpertHealth Economist, HE Specialist
- An individual with specialised training in health economic evaluation, contributing technical analysis and review to an assessment process.
- Health Promotion EconomicsHealth Promotion Cost-Effectiveness, Wellness Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to interventions improving population health through education, policy, and community programmes rather than direct treatment.
- Health State Utility ValueHSUV, Health State Utility
- A health state utility value, or HSU value, is a preference-based numerical weight assigned to a health state for use in economic evaluation.
- Health State ValuationState Valuation, Utility Elicitation
- Health state valuation is the elicitation and modelling of preferences for defined states of health to assign scores on a scale anchored by dead and full health for use in economic evaluation and related decisions.
- Healthcare Infection EconomicsNosocomial Infection Economics, HAI Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to infections acquired in healthcare settings, covering both prevention programmes and treatment once they occur.
- Hearing Care EconomicsAudiology Economics, Hearing Loss Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to hearing loss diagnosis and rehabilitation, including hearing aids and cochlear implants.
- Heart Failure EconomicsHF Economics, Cardiac Failure Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to heart failure diagnosis, medication, device therapy, and rehabilitation, emphasising reduced hospital readmission.
- Heart Transplant EconomicsCardiac Transplant Economics, Heart Graft Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to heart transplantation, weighing procedure and lifelong immunosuppression costs against survival benefit for end-stage failure.
- Helminth EconomicsWorm Infection Economics, Helminthiasis Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to parasitic worm infections, a significant public health burden in many low- and middle-income countries.
- Hemophilia EconomicsHaemophilia Economics, Clotting Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to haemophilia, comparing conventional factor replacement against newer, longer-acting formulations and gene therapy.
- Hemorrhagic Stroke EconomicsHaemorrhagic Stroke Economics, Brain Bleed Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to strokes caused by brain bleeding, unlike the more common blocked-flow ischaemic stroke.
- Hepatitis B EconomicsHBV Economics, Hep B Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to hepatitis B, a viral infection that can cause chronic liver disease if not controlled.
- Hepatitis C EconomicsHCV Economics, Hep C Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to hepatitis C, evolving substantially as curative antiviral treatment costs have declined and eligible populations expanded.
- Hepatitis EconomicsLiver Inflammation Economics, Viral Liver Disease Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to viral and non-viral liver inflammation, covering screening, antiviral treatment, and long-term liver damage management.