Terms for analysing time-to-event data and extrapolating survival curves for use in economic models.
An oncology modelling technique estimating the proportion of a cohort in each health state using separately fitted survival curves for different endpoints, rather than modelling transitions.
A survival model dividing follow-up into distinct segments, each modelled with a separate, often simpler function, letting the hazard shape vary in steps.
Progression-free survival is the time from a prespecified origin, usually randomisation or treatment initiation, until objectively defined disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurs first.
The Cox model assumption that the hazard ratio between two groups stays constant over follow-up, even as the absolute hazard rate changes.
A survival measure comparing observed survival in a population to expected survival in a comparable general population, without needing cause-of-death data.
A restricted cubic spline is a smooth piecewise cubic function of a continuous predictor constrained to be linear beyond its outer knots, allowing regression models to represent nonlinear associations without prescribing one global polynomial shape.
A survival summary measure calculated as the area under the survival curve up to a specified time point, an alternative to the hazard ratio.
The most common form of censoring, occurring when follow-up ends or a patient is lost before the event of interest has occurred.