Dictionary

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Psychiatric EpidemiologyTermMental Health Epidemiology, Psychiatric Disease Epidemiology

A branch of epidemiology studying the distribution, causes, and course of mental health conditions within populations.

Psychiatric HospitalTermMental Health Hospital, Psychiatric Inpatient Facility

A specialist facility dedicated to treating severe mental illness, typically providing inpatient care during an acute psychiatric crisis.

Psychiatric HospitalizationTermMental Health Admission, Inpatient Psychiatric Admission

Admission to a specialist inpatient facility for an acute mental health crisis or severe psychiatric condition requiring close monitoring.

Psychotherapy CostTermTalking-Therapy Cost, Counselling Cost

The expense of providing talk-based mental health treatment by a trained therapist, varying by therapy type, format, and duration.

Psychotropic MedicationTermPsychiatric Medication, Psychoactive Drug

A drug class affecting brain function used to treat mental health conditions, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and anti-anxiety drugs.

Public Choice TheoryTermPublic Choice Economics, Political Economy of Choice

A branch of economics applying the tools of economic analysis, including self-interested behaviour, to political and governmental decision-making.

Public ConsultationTermPublic Comment Process, Citizen Consultation, Public Consultation HTA, Public Engagement

A formal process inviting stakeholder and public comments on a draft recommendation before it is finalised.

Public GoodTermCollective Good, Non-Rival Good

A good characterised by non-excludability and non-rivalry, so no one can be excluded from it and one person's use does not reduce others'.

Public Goods ProvisionTermProvision of Public Goods, Collective Provision

The supply of goods characterised by non-excludability and non-rivalry, which private markets tend to undersupply because individuals can benefit without paying.

Public HealthTermPopulation Health Protection, Health Protection

The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organised efforts of society.

Public Health PolicyTermPopulation Health Policy, Public-Health Legislation

Government policy aimed at protecting and improving population health as a whole, covering prevention, promotion, and infrastructure investment.

Public Health ProgrammeTermPublic Health Intervention, Population Programme

An organised population-level intervention that aims to protect or improve health, such as immunisation, screening or health-promotion campaigns.

Public HospitalTermState Hospital, Government Hospital

A hospital owned and operated by a government entity, funded partly through taxation and often serving a disproportionate low-income share.

Public PayerTermGovernment Payer, State Funder

A government entity, such as a national health service or public insurance programme, responsible for financing healthcare for a covered population.

Public ProvisionTermState Provision, Government Delivery

The direct delivery of a good or service by government entities rather than by private organisations.

Public Sector PerspectiveTermGovernment-Sector Viewpoint, State Analytic Perspective, Government Perspective, Public Budget Perspective, Cross-Agency Viewpoint, Policy Perspective, Policymaker Viewpoint, Decision-Maker Standpoint

An analytic viewpoint including costs and outcomes relevant to government budgets, potentially spanning multiple public agencies rather than a single health payer.

Public SystemTermState-Run System, Government Health System

A health system model in which financing and delivery are predominantly provided through government-owned institutions, funded through taxation or mandatory insurance.

Public-Private PartnershipTermPublic-Private Collaboration, P3 Arrangement

A collaborative arrangement between a government entity and a private organisation to jointly finance, develop, or operate a health-related project.

Publication BiasTermSmall-Study Effect, Positive-Result Bias

A systematic distortion in published evidence arising because studies with significant or favourable results are more likely to be published.

Publication Bias AssessmentTermPublication-Bias Testing, Small-Study-Effects Test

An evaluation of whether published evidence is systematically distorted because significant or favourable results are more likely to be published than null ones.

Publication PlanTermPublication Strategy, Dissemination Plan

A prospectively established strategy specifying which study results will be published and through which channels, ideally registered before results are known.

PurchasingTermCommissioning, Service Procurement

The process by which a payer allocates pooled healthcare funds to providers in exchange for delivering services to a covered population.

Purchasing Power AdjustmentTermPPP Adjustment, Cross-Country Cost Adjustment

The conversion of cost data across countries using purchasing power parity rather than market exchange rates, to reflect actual local costs.

Purchasing Power ParityTermCommon-Basket Comparison, International Price Comparison

A method of comparing economic value across countries based on the relative cost of a common basket of goods and services, rather than exchange rates.