Dictionary
The Dictionary provides concise definitions of health economics terms, arranged alphabetically for quick reference. Use it to understand unfamiliar terminology or confirm the meaning of a specific term.
R
- Radiation EconomicsRadiotherapy Economics, Beam-Therapy Cost
- The application of health economic evaluation to radiation-based cancer treatment, comparing techniques and their combination with surgery, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy.
- Radiation Therapy EconomicsRadiotherapy Cost Analysis, RT Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to radiation treatment technologies, comparing conventional approaches against newer, more precisely targeted delivery methods.
- Rare Disease EconomicsRare Condition Economics, Economics of Rare Diseases
- The application of health economic evaluation to conditions affecting a small population share, adapting standard methods for limited natural history data and small trials.
- Reference CaseStandard Analytic Case, Base-Case Methods Standard
- A reference case is a documented set of preferred methodological choices that an institution asks analysts to follow so economic evaluations are transparent, consistent and comparable for a defined decision context.
- Rehabilitation EconomicsRehab Economics, Restorative Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to services restoring function after illness, injury, or surgery, covering physical, occupational, and speech therapy.
- Reproductive Health EconomicsFertility Health Economics, Reproductive Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to family planning, fertility, and reproductive healthcare services across the reproductive lifespan.
- Resistance EconomicsAMR Economics, Resistance Cost Analysis
- The application of health economic evaluation to antimicrobial resistance across bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens.
- Respiratory Disease EconomicsLung Disease Economics, Pulmonary Economics
- The broad application of health economic evaluation to respiratory system conditions, spanning asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and respiratory infections.
- Respiratory Infection EconomicsRTI Economics, Respiratory-Infection Cost
- The application of health economic evaluation to respiratory tract infections, spanning common colds to more severe conditions such as pneumonia.
- Respiratory Therapy EconomicsPulmonary Therapy Economics, Respiratory Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to respiratory therapy services helping patients manage breathing difficulties, such as pulmonary rehabilitation and oxygen therapy.
- Retrospective EvaluationLook-Back Evaluation, Backward-Looking Evaluation
- An economic evaluation using data collected before the study began, such as historical records or claims, rather than data gathered specifically for it.
- Robotic Surgery EconomicsRobotic Surgery Cost-Effectiveness, Economics of Robotic Surgery
- The application of health economic evaluation to robotically assisted surgery, weighing substantial equipment and training costs against reduced complications and faster recovery.
- Rotavirus EconomicsRotavirus Vaccine Economics, Economics of Rotavirus
- The application of health economic evaluation to rotavirus, a leading cause of severe childhood diarrhoeal illness largely preventable through vaccination.
- RSV EconomicsRespiratory Syncytial Virus Economics, Economics of RSV
- The application of health economic evaluation to respiratory syncytial virus, which can cause severe illness in infants and older adults.
- Rubella EconomicsEconomics of Rubella, German Measles Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to rubella, a viral infection posing serious birth defect risk if contracted during pregnancy.
S
- Schistosomiasis EconomicsBilharzia Economics, Economics of Schistosomiasis
- The application of health economic evaluation to schistosomiasis, a water-transmitted parasitic disease endemic to many tropical regions.
- Schizophrenia EconomicsEconomics of Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to schizophrenia, comparing antipsychotic medication, psychosocial intervention, and comprehensive care models for this chronic condition.
- Screening PolicyScreening Programme Policy, Screening Governance
- Government or health system policy governing which population screening programmes will be offered and funded, informed by health economic evaluation.
- Secondary Prevention EconomicsEconomics of Secondary Prevention, Early-Treatment Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation specifically to interventions detecting and treating disease at an early, typically more treatable stage.
- Self-Harm EconomicsEconomics of Self-Harm, Self-Injury Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to self-harm behaviours and prevention, covering crisis intervention, psychotherapy, and public health strategies.
- Sepsis EconomicsEconomics of Sepsis, Septicaemia Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to sepsis, a life-threatening infection response condition with substantial mortality and intensive care costs.
- Sexual Health EconomicsEconomics of Sexual Health, Sexual Health Services Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to sexual health conditions and services, covering infection prevention, contraception, and sexual dysfunction treatment.
- Shingles EconomicsHerpes Zoster Economics, Economics of Shingles
- The application of health economic evaluation to shingles, a painful chickenpox virus reactivation mainly affecting older adults, largely preventable through vaccination.
- Sickle Cell EconomicsEconomics of Sickle Cell Disease, SCD Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to sickle cell disease, comparing supportive care against newer disease-modifying treatments and gene therapy.
- Skin Infection EconomicsEconomics of Skin Infection, Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to skin and soft tissue infections, ranging from common, self-limiting conditions to severe, life-threatening infections.
- Sleep Medicine EconomicsEconomics of Sleep Medicine, Sleep Disorder Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to sleep disorder diagnosis and treatment, such as sleep apnoea and insomnia.
- Smoking Cessation EconomicsEconomics of Smoking Cessation, Quit-Smoking Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to interventions helping people quit smoking, spanning counselling, nicotine replacement, and prescription medication.
- Speech Therapy EconomicsEconomics of Speech Therapy, Speech and Language Therapy Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to speech and language therapy addressing communication and swallowing difficulties from stroke or other conditions.
- Spine Surgery EconomicsEconomics of Spine Surgery, Spinal Surgery Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to spinal surgery, such as for disc herniation, comparing surgery against conservative management.
- Sports Medicine EconomicsEconomics of Sports Medicine, Sports Injury Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to sports-related injuries, covering both acute treatment and injury prevention programmes.
- Standard of CareSoC, Current Standard Treatment
- The treatment widely accepted by clinical practice as the appropriate baseline for a given condition, commonly used as the comparator in an economic evaluation.
- Statin EconomicsEconomics of Statins, Statin Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to statin medications, typically finding them highly cost-effective given low cost after generic competition.
- Stewardship EconomicsAMS Economics, Antibiotic Optimisation Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to programmes optimising antimicrobial use, preserving effectiveness while reducing unnecessary costs and adverse effects.
- Stockpiling EconomicsEconomics of Stockpiling, Strategic Reserve Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to decisions about maintaining reserve medical supplies, such as vaccines, in advance of a public health emergency.
- Stratified AnalysisStratum-Specific Analysis, Stratified Estimation
- An economic evaluation reporting cost-effectiveness results separately for distinct population subgroups, such as by disease severity or age, rather than one pooled result.
- Stroke EconomicsEconomics of Stroke, Cerebrovascular Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to stroke diagnosis, acute treatment, and long-term management, including both ischaemic and haemorrhagic forms.
- Stroke Rehabilitation EconomicsEconomics of Stroke Rehabilitation, Post-Stroke Rehab Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to stroke rehabilitation services, assessing how therapy intensity affects both direct costs and long-term disability costs.
- Substance Use EconomicsEconomics of Substance Use, Addiction Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to substance use disorders broadly, covering prevention, medication-assisted treatment, and behavioural therapy.
- Suicide Prevention EconomicsEconomics of Suicide Prevention, Suicide Prevention Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to suicide prevention programmes, weighing implementation cost against the value of preventing loss of life.
- Supportive Care EconomicsEconomics of Supportive Care, Supportive Care Cost-Effectiveness
- The application of health economic evaluation to treatments managing cancer treatment side effects, such as nausea and pain, rather than the cancer itself.
- Surgery EconomicsSurgical Economics, Economics of Surgery
- The broad application of health economic evaluation to surgical procedures across specialties, comparing surgical against non-surgical alternatives and comparing techniques.
- Surgical Infection EconomicsSurgical Site Infection Economics, SSI Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to infections following surgery, covering prevention strategies such as prophylactic antibiotics and treatment once they occur.
- Surgical Oncology EconomicsSurgery Economics Oncology, Oncological Surgery Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to the surgical subspecialty of cancer treatment, covering tumour removal, reconstruction, and minimally invasive techniques.
- Survivorship EconomicsEconomics of Survivorship, Post-Cancer Care Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to the long-term health and economic needs of people who have completed active cancer treatment.
T
- Targeted Therapy EconomicsEconomics of Targeted Therapy, Precision Oncology Costing
- The application of health economic evaluation to cancer treatments acting on a specific molecular target, jointly considering efficacy and the companion diagnostic test.
- TAVR EconomicsTAVI Economics, Transcatheter Valve Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to transcatheter aortic valve replacement, a minimally invasive alternative to open-heart surgery for valve disease.
- Tertiary Prevention EconomicsEconomics of Tertiary Prevention, Complication-Prevention Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to interventions reducing the impact of already established disease, such as rehabilitation preventing further complications.
- Tetanus EconomicsEconomics of Tetanus, Tetanus Vaccine Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to tetanus, a serious soil-borne bacterial infection largely preventable through vaccination.
- Thoracic Surgery EconomicsChest Surgery Economics, Economics of Thoracic Surgery
- The application of health economic evaluation to chest cavity surgery, including lung and oesophageal procedures, often comparing minimally invasive against open approaches.
- Thrombectomy EconomicsEconomics of Thrombectomy, Clot-Retrieval Economics
- The application of health economic evaluation to mechanical clot removal, most notably in emergency stroke treatment, generally found highly cost-effective.